While Makar Sankranti resonates with grandeur across the country, the state of Jharkhand adds a unique charm with the celebration of Tusu Parab. This festival, observed from January 15, is not just a tradition but a beautiful symphony of love and sacrifice. Let’s unravel the enchanting tale and significance behind this celebration that sweeps through the hearts of the tribal communities in Bengal, Jharkhand, Odisha, Assam, and other North-eastern states of India.
The Tale of Tusu: A Symphony of Sacrifice and Tradition
Have you ever heard the captivating legend behind Tusu Mela, Tusu Festival, Tusu Parab, and the soul-stirring Tusu Puja? It’s not just a cultural extravaganza; it’s a narrative woven with ancient myths and folklore.
The name Tusu is derived from ‘Tusumoni,’ signifying a maiden or, more precisely, a ‘young unmarried girl.’ Now, let’s delve into the riveting story of Tusu.
Tusu, a breathtakingly beautiful girl, was the daughter of a humble farmer. Her beauty was so extraordinary that it became the talk of the entire kingdom. The cruel king, enchanted by her allure, harbored a desire to possess her.
To acquire Tusu, the king schemed deviously. An artificial famine was imposed on the kingdom, and the agricultural tax was doubled. The plight of the people intensified as they struggled to meet the exorbitant demands.
Tusu, witnessing the suffering of the farmers, decided to stand against the ruthless king. She organized the farmers, vehemently opposing the unjust decree. The confrontation escalated into a fierce battle between the king’s army and the courageous farmers. Many lost their lives in the struggle.
As the soldiers closed in to capture Tusu, she made a poignant decision. Opting for self-sacrifice over captivity, Tusu chose to end her life in a ritual known as ‘Jal-Samadhi.’ With a leap of faith, she plunged into the Ufnati River, becoming a martyr for justice.
In commemoration of Tusu’s immortal sacrifice, the Tusu Parab is observed annually. The festival involves crafting an idol of Tusu, adorned with intricate details, which is then joyfully immersed in the river. The vibrant celebration includes dance, song, and a heartfelt tribute to Tusu’s bravery.
Every year, Tusu Parab becomes a poignant reminder of Tusu’s indomitable spirit, celebrated with fervor and reverence. The idol of Tusu, crafted and worshipped, is gracefully immersed in the river, symbolizing a tribute to her courage and sacrifice. Join in the festivities as we honor the legacy of Tusu, a tale etched in the cultural fabric of the region.
Where Tusu Puja Takes Center Stage
Tusu Puja is a significant annual affair in the lower regions of Chhota Nagpur plateau, Ranchi in Jharkhand, Purulia, Birbhum, and Bankura districts in Bengal, Mayurbhanj, and Keonjhar districts in Odisha, and in the tea districts of Assam. A grand Tusu Mela adds to the festive fervor, showcasing rare artifacts, agricultural implements, toys, dress materials, and handicraft items.
Observing Tusu Parab
Duration of the Festival
In West Bengal and other regions, Tusu Puja is a month-long celebration, beginning on December 16 and concluding on Makar Sankranti day (January 15 or Jan 14).
Tusu Murtis and Songs
During the puja, special murtis (sculptures or idols) of Goddess Tusu are crafted from mud, adorned with paint, dress, ornaments, and flowers. Youngsters, especially girls, carry these statues around the village, narrating the captivating story of Goddess Tusu through melodious songs. The tunes of Tusu Mata become famous, creating an atmosphere of joy and spirituality.
Tusu Bhasan in West Bengal
In West Bengal, women prepare Choudalas for Tusu Festival. These are symbolic representations of Goddess Tusu made from wood and bamboo sticks, adorned with dolls, colorful papers, leaves, and flowers. Girls carry the Choudala to nearby rivers while singing songs, praying for a loving husband and a peaceful married life.
Love and Tradition Interwoven
Tusu Puja is not merely a festival; it’s a cultural tapestry where colorfully dressed women, adorned with Choudalas, express their devotion. The festive atmosphere draws boys and girls together, and it is said that life partners are often chosen during these celebrations.
Goddess Tusu
The festival’s origin is intertwined with the tale of Tusu, the daughter of a Gujarati king. Forced to seek refuge in the court of the king of Punjab due to Mughal attacks, Tusu fell in love with Sitaram, the king’s son. Fleeing to Assam to escape Mughal interference, the tribal community of Bhumijs and Chawtals played a pivotal role in supporting the couple. Despite facing adversities, Tusu and Sitaram’s love story found a home in the hearts of the people, making Tusu Puja a poignant celebration of love, sacrifice, and resilience.
In the vibrant melodies, colorful rituals, and heartfelt prayers, Tusu Puja stands as a testament to the enduring traditions and rich cultural heritage of the tribal communities.
